INTEGRITY OPERATING WINDOW IOW can be understood by using a simple example of milk kept for boiling in a pot on a stove. The definition as per API 584 is   "established limits for process variables (parameters) that can affect the integrity of the equipment  if the process operation deviates from the established limits for a predetermined length of time” What are the important words here?    established limits  process variables  affect the integrity of the equipment process operation deviates predetermined length of time In the above example, let us keep the time as 1 hour. Now there are two critical variables here- Temperature  What is the IOW for temperature? Answer: The melting point of milk is 92 degrees C. That is the optimum level. For 1 hour, if temperature is below 40 degrees C, it may not boil at all. If the temperature is  above 120 degrees C, it may condense. So, the IOW = 40 - 120 degrees C Vessel dimension = volume of milk is 1 ...

CRV can be understood by using a simple example of milk kept for boiling in a pot on a stove. The motive, i.e. the reliability of this process has two main factors - 1) The milk should boil. 2) It should remain the vessel and not overflow. There are three critical variables here - Temperature  Why is this a critical variable?  Answer: The melting point of milk is 92 degrees C. That is the optimum level. If temperature is too low (30 degrees C), the milk may not boil at all. If the temperature is too high (200 degrees C), it may burn quickly. Vessel dimension = volume of milk is 1 ltr Why is this a critical variable?  Answer:  Vessel volume < 1 ltr, milk will not fit in it in the first at all. Vessel volume = 1 ltr, milk will fit, but will overflow on boiling Vessel volume >1 ltr, milk will fit and not overflow. Time Why is this variable critical? If the other two variable are at the optimum level, then -  Too less time (~ 1 min), insufficient for milk to r...

CRV stands for critical reliability variables. It notes the variables, i.e. parameters which are the most important in damaging the reliability of the equipment. In simple terms, it is that parameter which if changed will damage your equipment. This parameter is important in risk-based inspection. It helps to note the exact parameters, may be temperature, pressure, pH, which will increase the risk of corrosion and damage. WATCH THE VIDEO HERE Read the NExt parts here - Part 2 Part 3 Reference: "Development of Corrosion Control Document Database System in Crude Distillation Unit", Junghwan Kim, Wonsub Lim, Younghee Lee, Seungnam Kim, Sang-Rok Park, Sun-Kyu Suh, and Il Moon, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2011 50 (13), 8272-8277 DOI: 10.1021/ie101871a https://corrospective.com/ 😀Happy learning! 😀

Types of MARINE corrosion The marine environment is one of the most corrosive environments.  Its corrosivity is due to the ionic concentration of the seas and oceans, temperature variations, wind velocities, depth of the sea, and biological elements. As a result, the corrosion on marine structures such as ships, FPSO, and offshore platforms, appears in multiple forms. Hence, it is important to learn about the basic types of corrosion as applicable to the marine environment. Some of these types of corrosion in a marine environment are - Uniform corrosion due to sodium, magnesium, and calcium salts Uniform corrosion is characterized by the removal of the material all over the surface. It leads to thinning of the walls. Pitting in active-passive alloys such as aluminium Active-passive alloys have a thin oxide film on the surface. A small break due to the chlorides in the seawater allows the penetration of the water and ions, leading to pit formation. Crevice corrosion in fixtures and ...

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